"Being able to detect and avoid fallacies has been viewed as a supplement to criteria of good reasoning. The knowledge of them is needed to arm us against the most enticing missteps we might take with arguments—so thought not only Aristotle but also the early nineteenth century logicians Richard Whately and John Stuart Mill" -SEP
Fallacies! The background of this page is quite fitting. Because when fallacies are brought into argument, the "waters of argument" become murky. Just as it becomes difficult to see through the water the murkier it gets, the same follows for truths ability to be seen when fallacies are introduced.
To delve into fallacies (informal and formal) is beyond the scope of this blog. However, here are two easily accessible resources that explain and describe fallacies, one from the Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) and another source from The University of Idaho. It is very much worth a look. You won't regret it!
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Chris